(i). Hydrothermal ore systems and processes, including IOCG systems, magnetite-apatite lithologies, all types of hydrothermal Au systems, Ag residence in high grade Ag ores, Archean VMS systems, and granitic pegmatites (e.g. Ta-Li; gem-bearing).

(ii). Chemistry of the ocean/lower atmosphere system from ~3.2 Ga to ~60 Ma with implications for the early Earth system (e.g. ocean/atmosphere temperatures), and when, why and how the early Earth ocean/lower atmosphere compositions changed to the modern condition.

(iii). Fluid/vapour/melt inclusion research techniques and applications, including laser ablation ICP-MS, “hot cathode” cathodoluminescence, gas and ion chromatography, microthermometry.

For more information, please contact Prof. Ed Spooner